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Although bismuth was added by the Incas to a specific type of bronze alloy-cutting tool, it was only long ago that bismuth was fully understood. It was often confused with silver lead, tin, and lead. Bismuth’s Latin name derives from the German word “white substance”, but the metal bismuth doesn’t always look silvery-white. It also contains some pink. Jofroy & Bergman in England confirmed Bismuth to be a chemical element only in 1753.
Bismuth has a peach-colored metallic shine. It emits yellow smoke from its flames, which produce a blue flame. Bismuth has an extremely low melting point of 271°. It is possible to melt bismuth in a small stainless steel pot at home and let it cool down. The bismuth actually expands upon freezing, much like water. A partial oxidation of its surface results in a rainbow-colored collection of crystals. This is due to different thicknesses of the oxide film on the bismuth crystal top.

What is bismuth like to gold?
It is twice as abundant as gold in the earth’s crust, and one of the most rare metals. It is the number83 element in a periodic table and the heavyest element. It is only a few bucks per kilogram on international markets. It is extremely affordable compared to other fossil material.
Bismuth was used to make boxes and other boxes in ancient Greece, Rome and beyond.

How does bismuth achieve its iridescent sheen appearance?
Due to the spiral-step structure in the bismuth crystals, the oxide film around its outer edges grows at a faster rate. It can cause interference to light. Bismuth in nature is often in the form free metal and minerals. When scientists use high temperature burns, heated above the melting point for metal bismuth, burning clear flame, bismuth oxide can also be made. Once the liquid has cooled from silver, a polarized color rainbow of colors will appear. This allows bismuth to form regular and complex crystals. Its color can be determined by how thick the outer oxide layer is, which reflects different metal colors. It is sometimes compared to lead which is often replaced with bismuth.

Why bismuth?
Bismuth has the same density as lead, but is less toxic than it. Lead can cause kidney damage and headaches. Lead poisoning is responsible for many deaths among children. Foreign hunters often replace the lead bullets in their hunting rifles by ammunition made of bismuth. Bismuth is used for killing animals.

Bismuth’s thermal and electrical conductivity are low. Bismuth has a melting temperature of 271.5 degrees Celsius.
Bismuth crystals shine brighter than diamonds, and can be transformed into many arts and crafts. Bismuth can also be used in cutting edge technologies such as superconductors, nuclear testing, and other applications.

The University of Delaware published a study that found a unique property of bismuth. This metal can be used as an industrial catalyst to convert carbon dioxide into liquid fuels or chemicals. The team behind the project believes that this discovery could lead to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions as well as a sustainable method of fuel production.
Researchers call this new bismuth characteristic “catalytic plasticity.” The researchers have previously demonstrated that bismuth films can also be combined with certain liquids as a cheap catalyst to convert carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, which is a gaseous energy source. In this new study, the team concluded electrifying bismuth film in salt solutions containing imidine ions and amidines ions regulates chemical reaction that convert carbon dioxide into liquid gasoline or formic acid.
According to general theory, chemical reactions can require different catalysts. But the “catalyticplasticity” of bismuth means that the metal bismuth is able to catalyze many kinds of chemical reactions. Researchers pointed out that technical aspects of the new findings, which made use of renewable energy sources like wind power and solar energy to promote direct production, metal bismuth catalyst plasticity, make researchers open a new work direction test. Researchers are expected develop renewable energy conversion, a new method of fuel production, and catalytic.

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