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Nitinol Shape memory alloys are special alloys that have good plasticity and can restore their original shape automatically at a given temperature.
Nitinol alloy is a form memory alloy. It is a unique alloy that is capable of restoring its original shape when heated to a certain degree. It has an expansion rate of more than 20 percent, damping qualities that are 10x higher than regular springs, as well as corrosion resistance better than any medical stainless steel. It is one of the best functional materials.

The memory alloy is not only unique for its shape memory, but it also offers excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance. It has high damping properties, too.

Nitinol Powder Special Properties

1. Shape memory properties (shape-memory) Shape memory is formed when the parent of a shape is cooled to below Mf temperatures from above Af temperatures. This martensite phase is then deformed and heated back to Af. When the reverse phase is changed, the material automatically returns to its parent phase. In reality, the Nitinol phase change process that causes shape memory is thermally induced.

2. Superelasticity When a force is applied to a sample, it can cause tensile strains that are much larger than the elastic limit strain. The strains will automatically return when the external force is removed. In comparison with shape memory, superelasticity does not involve thermal energy. In other words, superelasticity is when the stress doesn’t increase with strain in a specific range of deformation. The superelasticity can be classified into linear and nonlinear. Nonlinear superelasticity is the resultant of stress-induced martensitic phase transformations and their reverse phase transformations during loading and releasing in a certain range above Af. The nonlinear pseudoelasticity is called phase-transformation pseudoelasticity. Nitinol’s phase-change pseudo-elasticity can reach 8%.

3. Sensitivity of orthodontic wires to temperature changes: The orthodontic power and CoCr alloy orthopaedic wire is not affected by temperature changes. The temperature in the oral cavity affects the corrective force of super-elastic Nickel-Titanium alloy orthodontic wire. When the amount deformation is constant. Corrective force increases with temperature. On one hand, the temperature can increase the speed of tooth movement. The temperature changes within the oral cavity will cause the blood to flow more freely, thereby nourishing the repair cells during tooth movement. Maintain vitality and normal functions. Orthodontists are unable to precisely measure or control orthodontic forces in the oral environment.

4. The corrosion resistance of Nickel-Titanium Wire is comparable to that of stainless Steel Wire.

5. Anti-toxicity – Nitinol, the shape memory metal, has a chemical composition that is unique. It’s an atomic-alloy, like nickel-titanium. Nickel, however, is known for its carcinogenic properties. In normal conditions, the titanium oxide surface layer acts as barrier. This makes Ni-Ti alloy biocompatible. TiXOy, TixNiOy, and TixNiOy are surface layers that can inhibit Ni release.

6. Gentle orthodontic power: currently commercially used orthopedic wires include austenitic stainless steel wires, cobalt-chromium-nickel alloy wires, nickel-chromium alloy wires, Australian alloy wires, gold alloy wires and ss-titanium alloy wires. These orthodontic wires have been tested in tensile and three-point bend tests. Nitinol’s unloading platform is the lowest, flattest and most stable. It can therefore provide the strongest and softest correction force.

7. Good shock-absorption properties: The greater vibration caused by the chewing and the night molars on the archwire, the more damage will be done to the periodontal tissue and the roots. According to the results of various arch wire attenuation studies, the amplitude vibration of stainless steel is higher than that of super elastic Ni-Ti. The initial vibratory amplitude for super-elastic Ni Ti arch wire is less than half that of stainless wire. Traditional archwires, like stainless steel, can increase root resorption.

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