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Overview of Nitrides Nitrides, which are binary nitrogen compounds with less electronegative elements, are also known as metallic nitrides. The nitrides produced by the direct combination between transition elements and Nitrogen are also known as metallic nitrides. The “mesenchymal compound” name is due to the fact that nitrogen atoms fill interstitial spaces in metal crystal structures. These compounds are similar in appearance, hardness and electrical conductivity to metals. These compounds are usually hard, have high melting points, are chemically durable, and are electrically conductive. Nitrogen compounds like titanium, vanadium and zirconium are hard and refractory. They also have some special features, including chemical corrosion resistance and heat resistance. TiN has a melting temperature of 2 930 to 2 950°C, which makes it an excellent conductor of electricity and heat. Superconductivity is achieved at low temperatures, and it’s used to make jet engines. ZrN, which is superconducting in low temperatures, is now used to make reactor materials.
Nitrogen is a highly electronegative element and forms a series nitrides that include ionic nitrides as well as covalent and metallic Nitrides.
Lonic nitride
The ionic nitrides consisting of alkali metals and alkaline Earth metals have crystals dominated by their ionic bonds. Nitrogen elements are found in N3 – also known as salt-like Nitrides. Li3N, at the moment, is all that’s used to make ionic nitrides. Li3N, a dark red solid with a hexagonal crystalline system and a melting temp of 813degC, is a dense solid. High ionic conducting and easy synthesis. Lithium coexistence, which can be combined either with solids or liquids, is one of best solid lithium electrodes.
Covalent Nitrides
These nitrides consist of mainly covalent bonding. Compounds containing oxygen, VIIA-group elements and nitrogen should be called nitrogen oxides, or nitrogen halos. The covalent nitrides most widely used are those of the group IIIa elements and IVA (such Bn, AlN GaN InN C3N4 Si3N4). Diamond nitride gets its name from the similarity of its structure to a tetrahedron. High hardness, melting point and chemical stability. They are mostly semiconductors or insulators. They are widely used in cutting instruments, high-temperature materials, microelectronics devices, luminous material and other fields.
Metallic Nitride
These metallic nitrides are filled nitrides. They are formed when transition metal elements form nitrides with nitrogen atoms in the spaces between hexagonal or cubic metal lattices. These nitrides are not stoichiometric and their composition is flexible within certain limits. The majority of metal nitrides have a chemical formula Mn and are NaCl types. It is characterized by metallic lusters, high electrical conductivity and melting points, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and high hardness. It can be used in cutting materials as well as electrode materials and catalytic material.
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