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There are abundant reserves of silicon. Si and Li can be combined to form a Li4.4Si, resulting in a theoretical specific energy of 4200mAh/g. That is almost 10 times more than the lithium-ion that is absorbed by lithium batteries. In the present day, silicon materials are used in lithium-ion cells primarily for two reasons. One way is to add nano-silicon to anode materials to form a carbon-silicon anode. To improve the performance, organosilicon compounds can be added to the electrolyte.
The University Alberta created a new generation silicon-based lithium battery

Jillian Biriak and her team at the University of Alberta (Canada) discovered recently that molding silicon in nano-sized particle helps prevent it from breaking.
Nano-silicon can be defined as crystalline particles of silicon that have a diameter less than five nanometers. It is an important amorphous non-metal. Nano-silicon has many properties, including high purity and uniformity, large specific surfaces, high surface activity and low bulk density. It is also non-toxic and smellless. Nano-silicon can have a variety of uses: It can be used to make high temperature coatings and refractory material, and it can also be mixed with diamonds under high pressurized to form composite materials. These materials can then be used as cutting materials and combined with graphite to form composite materials made from silicon and carbon. The negative electrode material in lithium-ion cells increases their battery capacity.

The team studied and tested four sizes of nanoparticles of silicon to determine which size would maximize its advantages while minimizing the disadvantages. They are evenly dispersed in a highly conductive graphene-carbon aerogel with nanopores that compensates for the low conductivity silicon.

After multiple cycles of charge and discharge, they found that particles as small as one-part of a meter showed the most stability. This eliminates the limitations of using silicon for lithium-ion cells. This discovery could result in batteries that have 10 times the current capacity of lithium-ion battery. This is an important step toward the manufacture of a next generation of lithium-ion-based batteries. The research findings were published in the journal Materials Chemistry.


The lithium battery industry’s chain of the silicon anode market is worth tens or hundreds of millions of dollars


This research can be applied in many fields, including electric vehicles. The batteries will become lighter, travel longer and charge faster. The next step will be to create a method that is faster and cheaper to produce silicon nanoparticles. This will make it easier for industrial production.

Other than new energy vehicles, the need for lithium-ion battery with higher energy and power density is also present in energy storage and shipbuilding. The positive electrode is now made from high nickel ternary material, and the negative electrode is made of silicon and its Composite material.

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