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Hardness is one of the most important physical properties that can influence the mechanical behavior of technical ceramics. This is because it determines how well a material resists bending and loading forces.
Silicon nitride has an excellent combination of strength and toughness, providing a durable engineering ceramic that can handle high dynamic stresses, high thermal rigor, and demanding reliability requirements. This makes it a valuable component in turbine blades, bearings, air seals, and permanent molds.
Despite the relatively low theoretical density of Si3N4, it can still maintain a very strong mechanical strength in extreme temperature conditions, even after being heated to 1200 degrees C or more. Moreover, it has excellent chemical resistance and can withstand corrosive substances such as acids or caustic soda solutions.
In addition, its high Mohs hardness makes it very resistant to wear and tear from friction or obstructions, such as bearing balls or rollers that are subjected to a great deal of rotation. This is particularly useful in applications where metal products must be used in environments with a high rate of spin, such as industrial tools and machinery. It also provides the added benefit of being less prone to heat loss and corrosion when working in harsh environments, compared with other materials such as alloy steels.